AbstractsGeography &GIS

Vulnerability and adaptive capacity of community food systems in the Peruvian Amazon: a case study from Panaillo

by Mya Sherman




Institution: McGill University
Department: Department of Geography
Degree: MA
Year: 2014
Keywords: Social Sciences - Geography
Record ID: 2045465
Full text PDF: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile127012.pdf


Abstract

Rainfall variability and related hydrological disasters are serious threats to agricultural production in developing countries according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Since projections of climate change indicate an increase in the frequency and intensity of climatic hazards like flooding and droughts, it is increasingly important to understand communities’ adaptive capacity to extreme hydrological events. This research uses a case-study approach to characterize the current vulnerability and adaptive capacity of the food system to a climatic hazard in Panaillo, a flood-prone indigenous community in the Peruvian Amazon. Participatory methods were utilized to examine how biophysical and socioeconomic factors constrain or enable local adaptive capacity to climatic hazards over time. Seasonal flooding was shown to strongly influence agriculture and fishing cycles. Panaillo residents have developed several adaptive strategies to adjust to hydrological extremes, such as food preservation and the cultivation of fast-growing crops on riverbeds. However, Panaillo residents generally lack the necessary human, physical, social and natural resources to effectively employ their adaptive mechanisms as a result of major social and environmental changes in the area. The temporal analogue of the extreme 2010-2011 floods highlighted the multiple drivers of vulnerability that exist at different spatial and temporal scales. Economic development, low institutional capacity, climate variability, and the assimilation social model in Peru all have profound effects on the food system and health by affecting the ways in which adaptive strategies and livelihoods are practiced. Climate change has the potential to exacerbate these socioeconomic and biophysical drivers and further compromise community food systems in the Peruvian Amazon in the future. La variabilité des précipitations, et les désastres hydrologiques qui y sont reliés, sont des menaces sérieuses à la production agricole dans les pays en voie de développement, selon le Groupe d’experts intergouvernemental sur l’évolution du climat (GEIC). Comme les projections des changements climatiques prévoient une augmentation de la fréquence et de l’intensité des risques climatiques tels que les inondations et les sécheresses, il devient de plus en plus important de comprendre la capacité d’adaptation des communautés aux évènements hydrologiques extrêmes. Ce projet utilise l’approche d’étude de cas dans le but de caractériser la vulnérabilité actuelle et la capacité d’adaptation du système alimentaire aux risques climatiques à Panaillo, une communauté indigène localisée dans une région prône aux inondations dans l’Amazonie Péruvienne. Des méthodes participatives sont utilise afin d’examiner la façon dont les facteurs biophysiques et socioéconomiques peuvent contraindre ou faciliter la capacité d’adaptation locale aux risques climatiques au fils du temps. Les résultats démontrent que les inondations saisonnières ont une forte influence sur les cycles agricoles et…