AbstractsBiology & Animal Science

Role of Acylation Stimulating Protein and C5L2 receptor in regulating energy homeostasis

by Wei Cui




Institution: McGill University
Department: Department of Medicine
Degree: PhD
Year: 2009
Keywords: Biology - Neuroscience
Record ID: 1851662
Full text PDF: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile66835.pdf


Abstract

Currently, it has been well accepted that obesity is a key factor accounting for increasing serious diet-related chronic diseases, such as type II diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Obesity is a result of energy intake in excess of body requirements leading to accumulation of extra energy in adipose tissue. Acylation stimulating protein (ASP) is a lipogenic hormone, secreted by adipose tissue, stimulating triglyceride (TG) storage through upregulating glucose uptake and esterification of fatty acids. Studies on ASP deficient mice showed that ASP deficient mice have an increase in food intake, but the energy expenditure was also increased, which resulted in lean mice with reduced adipose tissue and a diet-induced obesity-resistant phenotype. The objectives of my thesis are to evaluate the ASP-C5L2 interaction in detail and to evaluate blockage of ASP-C5L2 interaction and the effects on body energy homeostasis (intake, storage and utilization). The thesis presents the following novel findings. First, plasma ASP as well as recombinant ASP bind to C5L2 demonstrated by either 125I ASP or fluorescently labelled ASP (Fl-ASP) binding assays. Functional studies showed that recombinant ASP (rASP) has greater biological activity relative to plasma-derived ASP. Further, ASP stimulates C5L2 internalization and induces co-localization of activated C5L2 with β-arrestin. Life cycle studies on C5L2 showed that Rab5, Rab7, and Rab11 are involved in regulating the intracellular trafficking of internalized C5L2. S323I-C5L2 mutation does not affect ASP binding, but the C5L2 mutation loses the ability to stimulate glucose transport and TG synthesis due to disruptions in cell signalling. C5a induces C5L2 endocytosis and stimulates co-localization of internalized C5L2 with β-arrestin. Finally, neutralizing antibodies reduce TG mass in adipose tissue and in liver, increase TG mass in muscle, decrease LPL activity in adipose Il est présentement bien documenté que l'obésité est une cause majeure du développement de maladies chroniques liées à la diète, tel le diabète de type 2 et les maladies cardiovasculaires. L'obésité est décrite en tant que conséquence directe d'un apport énergétique dépassant les besoins corporels, menant à l'accumulation de ce surplus d'énergie dans le tissue adipeux. La protéine stimulant l'acylation (ASP) est une hormone lipogène sécrétée par le tissu adipeux, stimulant le stockage des triglycérides (TG) en augmentant l'absorption du glucose et l'estérification des acides gras. Les études réalisées sur des modèles murins déficients en ASP ont démontré que leur prise alimentaire était augmentée mais qu'ils exhibaient aussi de façon conjointe une hausse de leur dépense énergétique, ce qui pousse ces souris à demeurer maigres et ainsi présenter un phénotype de résistance à l'obésité induite par la diète. Les objectifs de ma thèse sont d'évaluer en détail les interactions entre l'ASP et le C5L2 et de déterminer les effets du…